Depositional Landforms

Outwash Plain:

When the glacier reaches its lowest point and melts, it leaves behind a stratified deposition material, consisting of rock debris, clay, sand, gravel etc.
This layered surface is called till plain or an outwash plain and a downward extension of the deposited clay material is called valley train.

Esker:

Esker is a winding ridge of unassorted depositions of rock, gravel, clay etc. running along a glacier in a till plain.
The eskers resemble the features of an embankment and are often used for making roads.
If the melting of glacier has been punctuated, it is reflected in a local widening of the esker and here it is called a beaded esker.

Kame:

Kame terraces are the broken ridges or unassorted depositions looking like hummocks in a till plain.

Drumlin:

Drumlin is an inverted boat-shaped deposition in a till plain caused by deposition. The erosional counterpart is called a roche moutonne.
Drumlins are smooth oval shaped ridge-like features composed mainly of glacial till with some masses of gravel and sand.
The drumlins form due to the dumping of rock debris beneath heavily loaded ice through fissures in the glacier.
The long axes of drumlins are parallel to the direction of ice movement.
They may measure up to 1000m in length and 30-35 m or so in height.
One end of the drumlins facing the glacier called the stoss

Kettle Holes:

Kettle holes can be formed when the deposited material in a till plain gets depressed locally and forms a basin.

Moraine:

Moraine is a general term applied to rock fragments, gravel, sand, etc, carried by a glacier.
Depending on its position, the moraine can be ground, lateral, medial or terminal moraine.
The material dropped at the end of a valley glacier in the form of a ridge is called the terminal moraine.
Each time a glacier retreats, a fresh terminal moraine is left at a short distance behind the first one. The material deposited at either of its sides is known as lateral moraine.
When two glaciers join, their lateral moraines also join near their confluence and are called medial moraines.
Many Alpine pastures in the Himalayas like the Margs of Kashmir occupy the sites of morainic deposits of old river valleys.
The excessive load that cannot be carried forward by a glacier is deposited on its own bed or at the base and appears as what is known as ground moraine.